The Kallumala Samaram peaked when Dalit women discarded their stone necklaces, rejecting caste-based humiliation.

It was an uprising against caste oppression, where lower-caste communities were denied basic rights like using public roads, education, and temple entry.

The agitation intensified over time, leading to organized resistance under the leadership of Ayyankali.

On 24 October 1915, the Kallumala Samaram (Perinad Lahala) began in Perinad and nearby regions of Kerala as a significant social protest against caste-based oppression.

The movement mainly opposed discriminatory rules that prevented women from wearing gold or metal ornaments.

On 21 December 1915, the movement reached its climax when Dalit women publicly discarded their stone necklaces (kallumala), symbolizing their rejection of caste-based humiliation.

This movement, which included the Perinad Mutiny, forced the abolition of humiliating dress codes and established a significant precedent for human rights.
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